Operator overloading

The ability to create new meaning to an existing operator is called operator overloading.Various operators involved in operator overloading are:

• Mathematical operators like +,-,*,/,% 
• Relational operators like <,>,<=,>=,!=
• Logical operators like &&,||,!
• Access operator  like [,],->
• Assignment operator  =
• Stream I/O operator <<,>>

Operators that can't be overloaded:

1. Scope resolution operator
2. Sizeof operator
3. Conditional operator
4. Dereference operator

Syntax for operator overloading:

Return_type class_name :: operator operator_to_be_overloaded(argument list)

Example: void sample::operator ++()

{

         //statement;

}

Operator overloading can be classified into two types:

• Unary operator overloading
• Binary operator overloading

Program for Unary operator overloading:

#include<iostream.h> 

          #include<conio.h>
         class sample
         {
              private:
                        int val1,val2;
              public:
                       sample(int x,int y);
                       void operator ++();
                       void operator ++ (int x);
                       void display();
         };
        sample::sample(int x,int y)
        {
              val1=x;
              val2=y;
        }
        void sample::operator ++()
        {
             val1++;
            val2++;
         }
         void sample::operator ++(int x)
        {
             val1++;
             val2++;
        }
        void sample::display()
       {
            cout<<"\n value1"<<val1;
            cout<<"\nvalue2"<<val2;
        }
        void main()
        {
            sample s(10,20);
            cout<<"\nbefore overloading";
            s.display();
           ++s;
           cout<<"after overloading prefix form";
           s.display();
          s++;
          cout<<"after overloading postfix form";
          s.display();
      }

Destructor

Destructor:

Destructor is a special function used to remove the memory allocated by an constructor to an object.It gets executed ,when the object gets deleted.

Syntax:

~Class_name()
{
        //body of destructor
}

Example:
~sample()
{
    delete v;
}

Program to illustrate the use of destructor:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class sample()
{
   private:
         int a;
   public:
         sample()
         {
                     i=1;
                     cout<<"Object<<i<<created"
                     i++;
         }
          ~sample()
         {
                  cout<<"object gets deleted";
                  i--;
          }
};
void main()
{
      sample s;
      getch(0;
}
    

How to start and save a cpp program

A normal cpp program can  be written in either turbo c or c++ editor.To download Turbo c or c++ editor click the link below

Download turbo c++

To create a new file in c++ editor, Click on file->new.
To open a file click on file->open or press F3.

To save a cpp file click on file->save or press F2.A cpp file must be saved with the extension .cpp

Example: sample.cpp.